Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Death, life story, biography, education, Birthday, wife, children, Early Life, Personal Life, Dalit MoveMent, Political Journey, Constitution Of India, Accepted Buddhism, Books,
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Biography:
| Name | Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar |
| Birth Day | 14th April 1891 (Dr. Ambedkar Jayanti) |
| Place of birth | Mhow, Indore Madhya Pradesh |
| Father Name | Ramji Maloji Sakpal |
| Mother’s name | Bhimabai Mubaradkar |
| Wife Name | Ramabai Ambedkar and Savita Ambedkar |
| Education | Elphinstone High School, Bombay University 1915 M.A. (Economics) in 1916 from Columbia University PhD in 1921 Master of Science in 1923 Doctor of Science |
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was the architect of the Indian Constitution and the first justice minister of independent India. He was a leading activist and social reformer. Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar sacrificed his entire life for the upliftment of Dalits and the progress of the backward classes in India. Dr. Ambedkar is known as the savior of the Dalits. The full credit for the place of Dalits in society today goes to Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar.
” Babasaheb was the only star in the sky who taught us self-esteem, who taught us how to face adversity .”
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was not only the architect of the Indian Constitution but also the great social reformer, jurist, economist, politician, and philosopher. Babasaheb, the first justice minister of independent India, sacrificed his life against the injustices of the backward and Dalits. He is still known as the savior of Dalits. He started many agitations for the rights of women and workers. Ambedkar, who was well versed in economics, had researched many subjects such as law, economics, and political science. He was instrumental in the political and social life of India. Since Babasaheb’s birthday is on 14th April 1891, this day is known as Babasaheb’s birthday. This date is also known as Bhim Jayanti. This day is also celebrated as Equality Day in India and outside India.
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Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar BR Ambedkar overcame the frustrations of the socially backward class and gave them the right to equality. Ambedkar worked tirelessly to end caste discrimination.
He played a pivotal role in eradicating the scourge of caste discrimination in Indian society. Seeing that caste discrimination had completely disintegrated and crippled Indian society, Ambedkar fought for the rights of Dalits and changed the social status of the country to a great extent.
The early life of Bhimrao Ambedkar:
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891 in Madhya Pradesh. Babasaheb was the fourteenth and last child of his parents. Being the youngest member of his family, he was loved by all. Babasaheb was born to Ramji Maloji Sakpal and Bhimabai at Mhow in Indore, Madhya Pradesh.
When Babasaheb was born, his father Ramji Sakpal was serving as Subhedar in the Indian Army. After his father’s retirement, Babasaheb returned to Maharashtra with his entire family. Babasaheb’s hometown was Ambavade in Ratnagiri. However, being of Mahar caste, he was always discriminated against.
Not only that, being a Dalit, he also had to struggle a lot to get higher education, but he overcame all the difficult circumstances and got higher education and proved himself to the world.
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Education:
Babasaheb also had to struggle for primary and higher education. At that time Dalit children were not allowed to sit in school classrooms and drink water. Therefore, Babasaheb had to work hard to get the basic right to education.
Although his father was in the Indian Army, he did not get any educational facilities in the Army School. They benefited from the privileges enjoyed by the children of the military. But at school, I had to face constant caste discrimination. Even under such circumstances, Babasaheb completed his primary education in Dapoli. They were not allowed to sit in the classroom at this school. After going to Satara with his father, Babasaheb was admitted to Satara High School, an English government high school. In the past, the last name of the people of Konkan was derived from the village and after that, there was a system of taxation. Accordingly, his name was changed to Ambavadekar. However, due to difficulty in pronunciation, it was later recorded as Ambedkar. After passing the fourth examination in Satara, Babasaheb’s family came to Mumbai.
Babasaheb graduated from Elphinstone High School in Mumbai in 1907. Babasaheb was smart and intelligent from his childhood. Therefore, he always passed every exam with good marks. Babasaheb was the first Dalit to complete his primary education and graduate in Mumbai. He graduated from Mumbai University with a degree in Economics and Politics. Opposed to learning Sanskrit, he studied Persian. After Ambedkar passed matriculation, his relatives had organized a program of appreciation for him. Because it was a great thing for a Dalit child to have such success in those days. At that time, Babasaheb’s Keluskar Guruji gave him a copy of his biography as a gift. After reading this book, Babasaheb became fascinated with the teachings of the Buddha. His teachers did not think that Babasaheb could afford a college education due to his financial situation. That is why he introduced Babasaheb to Maharaj Sayajirao Gaikwad. Seeing Babasaheb’s cleverness, Maharaj approved to give him a scholarship. Babasaheb later graduated from Elphiston in Mumbai.
Babasaheb was interested in studies from his childhood and he was a student of clever and sharp intellect so he succeeded in every one of his exams with good marks. In 1908, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar made history again by admitting Dr. Br Ambedkar to Elphinstone College. He was the first Dalit to enter college for higher education.
He passed the degree examination from Mumbai University in 1912. Due to opposition to learning Sanskrit, he passed in Persian. He graduated from this college with a degree in Economics and Political Science.
Entered Columbia University in the USA with Fellowship:
Due to his intelligence, Babasaheb was made the Defense Minister by the state government in Baroda, but even there he had to face constant caste discrimination. Due to such constant insults, Babasaheb could not work in this post for long. He later received a scholarship for higher education from Columbia University in New York and left for the United States for further studies. In 1915, Babasaheb received his MA in Sociology, History, Philosophy, Anthropology, and Economics from Columbia University. Researched the commerce of ancient India. He received his Ph.D. from the United States in 1916.
London School of Economics and Political Science:
After completing his fellowship in the United States, Babasaheb returned to India. However, he did his M.Sc. in the School of Economics and Political Science when he came. And D.Sc. Shivay Bar et. Had registered for Loss. When he first came to India, he first worked as a military officer and financial advisor at the Baroda palace, according to the rules of the first scholarship. He held the post of Secretary of State for Defense. However, they had to suffer a lot due to caste discrimination while working. He did not get a house to rent in the city despite working. Tired of this, he quit his job and started working as a private tutor and accountant.
He also tried to become a consultant but could not do so due to the social conditions of the time. Eventually, he came to Mumbai and became a professor of political economy. While working, he was raising money for his further education. So again in 1920, he went to London for further studies. He received his master’s degree from the London School of Economics and Political Science in 1921. Next d. S. C. He also got this degree. D.Sc from the University of Germany. He studied jurisprudence and worked as a barrister in a British bar. He was later awarded a doctorate by Columbia University on June 8, 1927.
Personal Life:
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was married to Ramabai in 1906. Ramabai and Babasaheb had a son named Yashwant. However, Ramabai died in 1935 due to a serious illness. In 1940, Babasaheb too was afflicted with various diseases. While undergoing treatment for these ailments in Mumbai, he was introduced to Dr. It happened with Sharda Kabir. The two later got married due to similar views. Dr. After marriage, Sharda changed her name to Savita Ambedkar. Dr. Sharda took care of Babasaheb’s health throughout his life. In society, she came to be known as Mai.
Dalit MoveMent:
On his return to India, Babasaheb decided to fight against caste discrimination which had caused him many humiliations, disgrace, and hardships in his life. Ambedkar saw how the mentality of untouchability and caste discrimination had spread everywhere. Ambedkar considered it his duty to expel all these things from the country and launched a protest against it.
In preparation for the Government of India Act of 1919, Ambedkar told the Southborough Committee that there should be a separate electoral system for the untouchables and other communities. He also proposed reservations for Dalits and lower castes.
Ambedkar started his quest to end caste discrimination, to spread his voice among the people, to understand the kind, attitudes prevalent in the society. To end caste discrimination, to eradicate untouchability, Dr. Ambedkar sought the option of ‘meeting for the benefit of the outcasts’. The main objective of this organization was to provide education and social and economic reforms to the backward classes.
Later in 1920, with the help of Maharaja Shahaji II of Kalkapur, he set up a social paper called ‘Muknayak’. Ambedkar’s role caused a stir in the social and political spheres. After this, the identity of Bhimrao Ambedkar began to form among the people.
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar started his career as a lawyer after completing his court education. He accused the Brahmins of discriminating in caste issues and gave a court battle to many non-Brahmin leaders and achieved success. After this victory, they found support to fight for the upliftment of Dalits.
In 1927, Dr. Ambedkar worked actively for the eradication of untouchability and the complete abolition of caste discrimination. Instead of resorting to violence, he followed in the footsteps of Mahatma Gandhi and started a full-fledged movement for the rights of Dalits.
During this time he fought for the rights of Dalits. During the agitation, they demanded that public water sources be made open to all and that temple access be opened to all castes.
Not only that, while entering the Kalaram temple in Nashik city of Maharashtra, he took the news of the protest made by pro-Hindu activists and also staged a symbolic demonstration.
As a warrior in the crusade for the rights of Dalits in 1932, Dr. Ambedkar’s popularity continued to grow. He was invited to attend the Round Table Conference in London. In this conference, Ambedkar also opposed the ideology of Mahatma Gandhi in which he raised his voice against different voters who demanded the participation of Dalits in elections.
But then Gandhiji’s ideas came to fruition. It is also called the Poona pact. According to him, instead of a special electorate, reservations were given to the Dalit class in the regional assembly and the central council in the state.
On Puna Sandhi, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar and Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, a representative of the Brahmin community, also signed a Puna Sandhi for reservation of seats for the Dalit sections of the temporary assembly in the general electorate.
In 1935, Ambedkar was appointed as the Principal of the Government Law College. He held this post for 2 years. As a result, Dr. When Ambedkar settled in Mumbai, he built a big house in this place, which had more than 50,000 books in his private library.
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar’s Political Career:
Dr. According to Babasaheb Ambedkar, Ambedkar had been active in the social and political spheres since 1919. Despite having no political authority, he was invited to the Round Table Conference in London in 1930 to represent the untouchables. Later, in 1936, he formed the Independent Labor Party. His party did worse than expected from opinion polls, which saw them gain about 15 seats.
After the independence of India on 15th August 1947, he transformed the party into the Indian Scheduled Castes Union. Later, Congress and Mahatma Gandhi renamed the Dalit class Harijans. Only Dr. Ambedkar did not like the name so he opposed it. The All India Scheduled Castes Association did not do well in the elections for the Indian Constituent Assembly. Ambedkar was elected to the Constituent Assembly from the Muslim-dominated Bengal constituency.
In August 1947, Babasaheb was elected as the Chairman of the Draft Constitution Committee and under his chairmanship, the Constitution of India came into force. Babasaheb later came to be known as the architect of the Indian Constitution as he made significant contributions to the Indian Constitution.
Constitution of India by Bhimrao Ambedkar:
Dr. The original purpose of the Indian Constitution drafted by Babasaheb was to eradicate casteism and untouchability in the country. On August 29, 1947, Babasaheb was appointed as the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constitution. Under Babasaheb’s presidency, the Constitution of India was presented after almost two years, eleven months, and seven days of hard work. The constitution was handed over to the then President Rajendra Prasad. The Constitution of India gives freedom of religion to all citizens of India. Untouchability was abolished and women were given equal rights along with Dalits.
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Accepted Buddhism:
Throughout his life, Babasaheb Ambedkar fought for social justice for Dalits. Babasaheb had gone to Sri Lanka in 1950 to attend a Buddhist conference. He was so inspired by the ideas of Buddhism that came to the conference that he decided to convert to Buddhism himself. After this conference, Babasaheb converted to Buddhism and then returned to India. Upon his arrival in India, he wrote several books on the propagation of Buddhism. In 1955, he founded the Indian Buddhist Congress. At the next meeting, he initiated about five lakh followers of Buddhism at the same time. He later attended the Fourth World Buddhist Conference in Kathmandu and produced the last book, The Buddha or Karl Marx, on December 2, 1956.
Dr. Ambedkar Books:
Dr. Babasaheb’s literary wealth is abundant. Dr. Even today, he is enlightening society through his thoughts through this collection of books containing information and writings of Babasaheb Ambedkar. Some of them are as follows
- Castes in India, their system, origin, and development
- Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India
- Destruction of caste
- Who Were the Shudraj
- The Untouchables: Who Were They And Why They Become Untouchables
- Thoughts on Pakistan
- The Buddha and His Dhamma
- Buddha or Karl Marx
- The Problem of Rupee
- Administration and Economy of the East India Company
- Abolition of the caste system
- Freedom against the Union
- Which way to immunity
- Ranade Gandhi and Jinnah
- Gandhi and the liberation of the untouchables
- The racial divide and the way to solve it
Apart from this, many articles of Babasaheb have also been published. Moreover, his autobiography and many books based on him are available for reading.
Death of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar:
During the years 1954.1955, Dr. Ambedkar was very worried about his health. His health was deteriorating due to various ailments like diabetes, blurred vision. He breathed his last on December 6, 1956, at his home in Delhi due to a long illness. Due to his conversion to Buddhism, he was cremated just like that religion. A huge crowd had gathered to pay their last respects and attend the funeral procession.
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Jayanti:
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’s work for the upliftment of Dalits, his contribution to society, and his memorial were erected in his honor. His birthday is celebrated on 14th April as Ambedkar Jayanti. His birthday was declared a National Holiday, a holiday for all private and public educational institutions. Ambedkar Jayanti celebrated on 14th April is also called Bhim Jayanti. He is remembered today for his invaluable contribution to the country.
Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Contribution:
Bharat Ratna Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar in his 65 years of life made an invaluable contribution to nation-building by doing many works in different fields including social, economic, political, educational, religious, historical, cultural, literary, industrial, constitutional.
BR Ambedkar Awards
- Dr. A memorial of Bhimrao Ambedkar has been erected at his home in Delhi, 26 Alipur Road.
- A public holiday has been declared on the day of Ambedkar Jayanti.
- In 1990, he was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor.
- Many public institutions are named after him. Such as Dr. Ambedkar Open University in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, B.R. Ambedkar Bihar University Muzaffarpur.
- Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport is located in Nagpur which was earlier known as Sonegaon Airport.
- A magnificent official portrait of Ambedkar has been erected in the Indian Parliament House.
Some Special Facts About Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar:
- Bhimrao Ambedkar was the fourteenth and last child of his parents.
- Dr. Ambedkar’s real last name was Ambavadekar but his teacher Mahadev Ambedkar who had a special place in his mind about Bhimrao made his name Ambavadekar’s Ambedkar on the school records.
- Babasaheb was the Principal of Government Law College, Mumbai for two years.
- Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was married to 9-year-old Ramabai in 1906 and 1908 he became the first Dalit student to enter Elphinstone College.
- Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was learning a total of 9 languages. By the age of 21, he had also studied all religions.
- Ambedkar had a total of 32 degrees, making him the first Indian to go abroad and study economics. Nobel laureate Amartya Sen considers Ambedkar as his father in economics.
- Dr. Ambedkar was a lawyer by profession. He was also the Principal of Law College, Mumbai for 2 years.
- Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was against Article 370 of the Indian Constitution (which gives special status to Jammu and Kashmir).
- Babasaheb was the first Indian to go abroad and get a doctorate in economics.
- Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar is the only Indian to have been photographed with Karl Marx in a London museum.
- The credit for placing Ashoka Chakra in the Indian tricolor also goes to Dr. Ambedkar has.
- B. R. Ambedkar was a member of the Labor Council of the Viceroy’s Executive Council and it was because of him that the minimum working time in factories was changed from 12.14 hours to only 8 hours.
- Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar enacted laws like Assistant Maternity Benefit for Women Labor, Women Labor Welfare Fund, Women and Child, Labor Protection Act.
- Babasaheb had proposed the division of Madhya Pradesh and Bihar in the ’50s for better development, but in 2000, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand were divided.
- Babasaheb loved to read books. His library was the largest private library in the world with 50,000 books.
- Dr. Ambedkar has been suffering from a high incidence of diabetes in the last few years.
- When Bhimrao Ambedkar left Hindu Dharma, he had given 22 vows in which he had said that he would never worship Rama and Krishna who are considered to be incarnations of God.
- In 1956, Ambedkar converted to Buddhism. He was against the orthodox traditions and caste division in Hindu Dharma.
- Babasaheb Ambedkar contested Lok Sabha elections twice and lost both times.
- Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar will always be remembered for his invaluable and invaluable contribution to society. He fought for the Dalits and the untouchables at a time when Dalits were being treated as untouchables and humiliated. Being a Dalit himself, he was often subjected to humiliation and disrespect, but he never lost heart, never gave up, adapted himself to adversity, and made significant contributions to the social and economic development of the country. This contribution will never be forgotten.
A look at Babasaheb Ambedkar’s brief and important information:
- He started the social and political war of the untouchables by starting the newspaper ‘Muknayak’ in 1920.
- He participated in the Untouchability Prevention Conference held at Mangaon in Kolhapur State in 1920.
- In 1924, he founded the ‘Excluded Benefactors’ Association’. Let’s spread awareness in Dalit society
- In 1927 he started a fortnightly called ‘Excluded India’.
- In 1927, a satyagraha was organized in the village of Mahad for tasty water and the tasty lake was opened for the untouchables to drink.
- In 1927, he burnt the ‘Manusmriti’ which was an award for the caste system.
- In 1928, he became a professor at the Government Law College.
- In 1930, he staged a satyagraha to allow untouchables to enter the ‘Kalaram Temple’ in Nashik.
- He represented the untouchables at the Round Table Conference held in England from 1930 to 1932, where he demanded a separate constituency for the untouchables. In 1932, the Prime Minister of England, Rams MacDonald, accepted Ambedkar’s demand by declaring it an “ethnic decision”.
- Mahatma Gandhi was opposed to the caste decisions. He felt that the formation of an independent constituency would alienate the untouchable community from other Hindu communities. Therefore, Gandhiji started a deadly fast in Yerawada (Pune) Jail against the caste selection provisions. Later, in that connection, Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. An agreement was signed between Ambedkar on 25 December 1932. This agreement is known as the ‘ Pune Agreement’. According to this agreement, Dr. It was agreed that Ambedkar should give up the hut of the independent constituency and that there should be reserved seats in the Companies Act for the untouchables.
- In 1935, Dr. Ambedkar was selected as a teacher at the Government Law College, Mumbai.
- In 1936, he founded the Independent Labor Party to have a political base for social reform.
- In 1942 he founded a party called the Scheduled Caste Federation.
- From 1942 to 1946, he served as the Minister of Labor on the Governor-General’s Executive Board.
- Founded the People’s Education Society in 1946.
- Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar acted as the chairman of the incident drafting committee. He worked very hard to draft the constitution of the Indian state. He is rightly hailed as the ‘sculptor of the Indian state constitution’ for his contribution to the formation of the Indian state constitution.
- He served as law minister in the first cabinet after independence. He converted to Buddhism with his 5 lakh followers at a historic event in Nagpur
in 1956.
Looking at their lives as a whole, this line is right for them. . . . .
“Life must be greater than great”
